9.6 Bibliographic Citations

Besides the references or footnotes, most reference styles also require that you include a list at the end of your paper to give a more complete description or citation of each of your sources. This might be called a "Bibliography," or a "Works Cited" list (by MLA), or a "References" list, depending on the citation style.

Each style has exact rules about the format, the order, permissible abbreviations and the punctuation of each citation. The following details about each source will be given in a citation in most styles. Different kinds of material may be treated a little differently, so you should check the appropriate manual or guide for specifics, but in general most citation styles will require:

• Name of the author or authors, if available.
• Title of a book or article.
• Publication or Source information.

For a book: the place of publication, the name of the publisher, and the date of publication.
For a journal article: the name of the journal, the date of publication, and the volume, issue, and page numbers.
When the source is used in electronic format, then you need to include information about your access to the source, including date of access and the virtual location of the source.

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